Category Archives: Vegetable Gardening in Dallas

A Musical Squash for the Edible Garden

Have you wanted to grow squash in your vegetable garden but find that your plants are plagued by squash vine borers before you can harvest even one squash?  Or maybe you are looking for a variety of squash that can be used both as a summer or winter squash?  Or perhaps you would just like to try growing an unusual squash that would be an exotic addition to any edible landscape.  If you answered “yes” to any of these questions, then next summer you might want to grow Tromboncino Rampicante or Italian Edible Squash.

This squash goes by several common names: zucchetta rampicante, climbing zucchini, climbing crookneck, trombolino d’albenga, trombetta and serpentine squash.  It hails from the city of Albenga on the Italian Riviera where it is used in gnocchi and ravioli. Though most squash are in the species Cucurbita pepo, Tromboncino is a cultivar of Cucurbita moschata, which also includes butternut squash. Since its stem is not as hollow as C. pepo, it is more resistant to squash vine borers.  Even squash bugs and powdery mildew do not appear to affect it as readily.  Plus its name “Rampicante” gives away one of its other characteristics.  It grows “rampantly,” with vines often exceeding 15 feet in length.  These long stems, particularly if grown along the ground rather than on a trellis, can root at the nodes, thus giving the plant an even better chance to beat squash vine borers and other insects and diseases.

Some people compare the mild taste of a young Tromboncino to a zucchini.   If left to mature as a long-lasting winter squash, it is more like a watery butternut squash and it keeps very well.  If harvested at about 12 or up to 36 inches, the long neck makes perfectly round slices as opposed to other varieties of squash which have a less uniform shape.  Another advantage to the long neck is that there are no seeds in it. The bulb, which contains the seeds, can be stuffed with a variety of fillings.

squash-blog

Tromboncino is very easy to grow and likes our hot Dallas weather.  It can be started from seed in late spring, once the ground warms up.  A strong fence or arbor is recommended, especially if you want long, straight squash.  Even on a four foot fence, the Tromboncino pictured in this article started to bow once it touched the soil.  Tromboncino grown on the ground however tend to look less like trombones and more like French Horns, with many twists and curves.  Some people have said that the hardened curved winter squash make great legs for a Halloween spider; while the long straight Tromboncino squash make cute “weiner dogs.”  Because Tromboncino are so prolific, there are many recipes for how to cook with both the squash and the male flowers on the web.

So, if you want to make your garden sing, next year give Tromboncino Rampicante a try.  Just be sure however to give it a lot of room or you may find, like one of the commenters on the web, that he had “…really enjoyed seeing the plants take off and cover the compost heap where I planted it to give plenty of nutrients. I figured since pumpkins have done well as volunteers there that this squash would too, and this one did. Two plants covered the heap and would have covered my SUV, too, if the carport hadn’t shaded them too much.”

Carolyn

 

 

Some Like It Hot!

It’s that time of year again when it is too hot to do anything, much less garden in the full sun.  Cool weather crops of greens, lettuce, cilantro, and others have either withered away in the heat or gone to seed.  Even tomatoes, as the temperature climbs up into the high nineties, are beginning to get stressed.  Somehow, at this time of year, purchasing bags of pre-cut and washed lettuce and spinach at the grocery store doesn’t seem so bad.  Yet there are some green leafy vegetables that not only like the heat but thrive in it.

Malabar Spinach (Basella albra and Basella rubra) is an edible vine in the family Basellaceae.  It features dark green, glossy, thick leaves. In its native habitat of the Indian Subcontinent, New Guinea, and Southeast Asia it is a perennial plant.  Here in Dallas it dies in the winter but will often come up readily (occasionally too readily) from seed as the weather warms up in the spring.  It goes by several common names such as vine spinach, Ceylon spinach, and climbing spinach among others.  From its name you can see that it needs something to twine around.  Even an upside down large tomato cage will work, though a large trellis is better because the vines grow quickly and need to be constantly “put in their place.”

Malabar Spinach

Malabar Spinach at Hope Community Garden

There are two varieties of Malabar Spinach. B. alba has green stems and B. rubra has red stems and is quite ornamental.  Though both are called “spinach,” they are only distantly related to spinach and have an entirely different texture and taste.  In general, only the leaves are eaten, though in Africa the stems are cooked too.  Younger leaves have a very mild taste, though larger leaves, especially if not watered well, can have a peppery, astringent flavor.  When harvesting, it is recommended that about every other one of the small to middle sized, younger leaves be picked.

Malabar Spinach,Basella rubra

Malabar Spinach,Basella rubra

Malabar Spinach, like okra, is known as a “slippery vegetable” and some people find the mucilaginous texture of the succulent leaves takes some getting used to.  However, Malabar Spinach is high in Vitamin A and C, iron, and calcium.  It is also high in protein per volume and is a good source of soluble fiber.  It holds up particularly well in stir fries, egg dishes and curries.  Many recipes can be found on the internet for ethnic dishes using Malabar Spinach.  It is also good raw mixed with lettuce and other vegetables for a nutritious summer salad.

Growing Malabar Spinach is easy—just wait until the ground temperature is 65-70 degrees (like okra) since the plant thrives in hot and humid temperatures.  White flowers produce black seeds that will often readily reseed themselves.   Some internet sites recommend scarifying the seeds to help with germination or soaking them but often this is not necessary if the soil is kept moist.

Humans are not the only “animals” that enjoy Malabar Spinach.  Dallas County Master Gardeners who volunteer at the Dallas Zoo have helped grow Malabar Spinach in the past for the Zoo’s animals.  Aaron R. Bussell, Animal Nutrition Supervisor at the zoo, says this about the role of Malabar Spinach at the Zoo :

“We had a great crop of Malabar Spinach last summer from the Green Life Education Garden, and it lasted into winter.  It was a great source of “Novel” greens for our primates that can get bored eating the same greens on the market.  Novel foods are rotated into the diets to provide nutrition and enrichment.  The diets we produce at the Animal Nutrition Center for over 2000 animals every day are tailor made for 400 plus species at the Dallas Zoo.        We substituted the Malabar Spinach into our Mixed Greens Salad which is shredded for birds, mammals, and reptiles throughout the zoo, and our full time Nutritionist evaluated it as an appropriate substitute for spinach or greens for our primates like chimpanzees, gorillas, and monkeys.  Having more variety of greens to offer these sometimes picky eaters is a great way to provide enrichment for their daily routine.  Malabar Spinach was grown not only for its nutritional value, but it provided natural stimulation when our Western Lowland Gorillas striped the leaves from the vine when served.  It continued to grow much further into the fall and winter as well.  We ended up serving the last of the harvest still entwined onto the bamboo trellis it was grown on.  Great vegetable.  We look forward to growing more again.”

So…. if you want to grow a spinach substitute and a plant favored by both man and beast, try growing Malabar Spinach. You may discover you like it.

Carolyn

 

 

 

Starla’s Garden Adventures #2

Well, Summer has arrived and things are heating up.   This is  garden2.0 in my raised beds .  The radishes and carrots were eradicated on Mothers Day, and now, a month later considerations of “what next” crosses my mind.

The last vestiges of the Fall garden,1.0 are waning. The onions , still in the ground have not become very bulbous, but the green tops will make a nice addition to a summer salad– the kale needs to come out but hasn’t quite made the trip  – And then there is the dill – It  has reached to the sky and given us a beautiful show of  delicate green but now it is very sad looking, with brown clumps of dill seeds hanging on the  umbels.

dill Starla

Yes, it is time to come out– it’s in the way of my path, it’s ugly and it must go …But wait,– hold on,  after making the decision to remove,  but before I yanked it out,  I spy not one, but 2 caterpillars munching on the dill seeds while enjoying the morning sun!   This plant must stay, at least a few days longer to house the honored guests.   So much for a neat and tidy garden right now – Maybe garden 3.0.

The Honored Guest: A Black Swallowtail Caterpillar on Dill

The Honored Guest:
A Black Swallowtail Caterpillar on Dill

Tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers and beans, are putting on new growth and blossoms  The tomatoes are surviving  — I wouldn’t say thriving, but they are not dead and gone  — I even get a few golden and red gems that never seem to make it back to the house.

The cucumbers were planted sinfully late, but are climbing up the wrought iron fence and acting like they want to perform. I must remember to water regularly, but with a trip planned, not sure how that is going to go.  But I continue, learning with each step and misstep, and enjoying the journey.

Thus continues the saga of this little garden that brings me joy in the most unexpected ways.

Starla

 

 

A Dallas Vegetable Garden

Starla and I have been photographing Dallas County Master Gardener’s vegetable gardens for the Dallas County Master Gardener cookbook, A Year on the Plate. We want to include photos of a few vegetable gardens because the emphasis of the cookbook is seasonal and fresh garden recipes combined with vegetable garden expertise.  Don’t worry we also promise plenty of tantalizing “foodie” type photos.

We visited Patti and her 8×8 garden this week.

Onions, Tomatoes, Herbs, Cucumber, and Flourish in Patti's Garden

Onions, Tomatoes, Herbs, Cucumber, and Melons Flourish in Patti’s Garden

Garden success starts with compost.  When Patti’s husband, Rob, rebuilt their compost bin, he chose to upgrade to Redwood.  They used 1/4 inch fine mesh screen for extra protection against critters.

If you think it looks like tomatoes are growing in their compost bin, you are correct. Sometimes compost piles are less active but warm enough to start germination.

Compost Bin Of Redwood and Small Mesh Screening

Compost Bin Of Redwood and Fine Mesh Screening

Starla and I asked Rob to be in our video, he demurred saying “No, Patti’s the garden girl.” So  let’s hear from THE GARDEN GIRL:

 

Video by Starla

Ann

 

UN Declares 2016 the Year of the Pulse

    The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations and the 68th United Nations’ General Assembly has declared 2016 The Year of the Pulse.   If you are wondering, as I did, why the FAO would be nominating a heartbeat throb, it is because in agricultural terms a pulse is part of the legume family.  The term itself comes from the Latin puls meaning thick soup or potage.  The term “pulse” refers only to the dried seed.  Dried peas, edible beans, chick peas and lentils are the most common forms of pulses.  However plants like green beans which are used fresh, and soybeans and peanuts which have a higher fat content, are not called “pulses.”  Here at the Raincatcher’s Garden we are growing fava beans, which if left to dry before cooking would be considered a ‘pulse.”

Chickpeas Growing in the Edible Landscape at The Raincatcher's Garden

Chickpeas Growing in the Edible Landscape at The Raincatcher’s Garden

Pulses play an important part in not only contributing to a healthy diet for both people and animals but also are a sustainable crop able to be grown with less water and are able to fix nitrogen back into the soil.  They are little super foods with big benefits!  Some of the major benefits of pulses include:

Nutrition:  Pulses are an important part of a balanced diet and have been shown to play an important role in preventing some diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes.  They are high in fiber and low in fat.  They contain significant amounts of vitamins (Vitamin E) and minerals (iron, potassium, magnesium and zinc.) They also contain twice the amount of protein found in whole grain cereals such as rice, wheat, etc.  As such, the World Food Organization includes bags of pulses in their relief packages.

Pulses, especially dried peas, can also be used as feedstock.  A study in West Africa showed that animals fed cowpea hay, along with rice feed meal, during the dry season gain 95kg, compared to 62kg for animals that did not receive the cowpea fodder.

Sustainability: Like other legumes, pulses are able to fix nitrogen in the soil and have a positive impact on soil quality since they feed the soil microbes which benefits soil health. Pulses have also been shown to promote diversity in soil composition as they contain a greater and different amount of amino-acids than non-legumes. This may help plants thrive and perhaps offer greater protection from disease-causing bacteria and fungus.

Pulses also require very little water compared to other forms of protein such as animal protein. The United Nations estimates the water required to produce a kilogram of beef, pork, and chicken is 43-11 times higher than the water needed to grow pulses.

So…. Next time you are walking down the bulk produce aisle of your neighborhood grocery store, look at all the different varieties of dried legumes/pulses.   You may even want to celebrate The Year of the Pulse with a bowl of 7-Bean soup.

Carolyn

Revised Onion Harvesting at The Raincatcher’s Garden 2016

Onions have been harvested at the garden during the last two weeks.

They are now drying in our storage shed.

Fantastic Haul of Onions!

Fantastic Haul of Onions!

Harvest Onions when the tops begin to naturally fall over and turn brown. Dig the onions from the ground up with tops intact and to keep the bulb from being damaged. We used a garden knife or trowel to get them out of the ground carefully.  Onions that have bolted are past their prime and can be left to reseed.

As a reminder, here’s how to braid onions:

and here are notes on storing, eating, and lots of other onion thoughts in these articles: The Lowly Onion and Beginnings

Ann

 

 

 

My Garden Journey

In my first five years as a Dallas County Master Gardener (class of 2011), I have learned and experienced so much from working at our demonstration gardens; however, I had never attempted growing vegetables at home except in pots until this past fall when I saw sunlight streaming in a section of the backyard after a tree had been removed.

So this new adventure began – raised beds were found, plants were purchased and the garden grew – well some of it grew…

Brocolli by StarlaBroccoli and cabbage went in first along with a few herbs, followed by lettuce and arugula in October. I had some success with broccoli, but not so much with the cabbage, lettuce or arugula ( they bolted). Radishes and carrots were planted from seeds. After the first of the year onions were added and then potatoes came and went (I had the wrong soil, so they never sprouted).  There was minimal success with the radishes (not properly thinned), but the carrots – I waited, looking for a glimpse of the carrots(roots)? under the leafy tops — until right before Mother’s day, and then I pulled them. Once again the results were mixed;  I had a range of carrots from 1/4 inch to over 6-7 inches long  and counted 26 of the prettiest multicolored carrots I have ever grown.

Homegrown Carrots

Homegrown Carrots

This summer I’m trying things that we will eat as a family – tomatoes, peas, green beans , peppers. I have a space for cucumbers with hopes to make pickles like my family put up years ago.  My beds are few in number but just right for my learning curve. You can take this journey. it takes some planning, a little time and patience, but is well worth the effort.

Here are a few of the things I’ve gleaned from my raised beds:

  • Gardening with a group of people brings a broader depth of expertise
  • Information—ask questions, listen and apply–repeat.
  • Realize early on that everything won’t go according to plans. Don’t dwell on failures, but learn from them  — water properly, use the correct soil, compost, mulch, weed…
  • Celebrate success, no matter how small–they are victories!
  • Try new things, take notes (my garden journal currently has one entry, several months back, but there is value in the process)
  • Trial and error is another way of learning
  • Share your story, your experience, and the fruit of your labor —
  • Enjoy the adventure!

Starla

 

Artichokes, Aphids, and Groceries At Raincatcher’s Garden

Root around our garden this spring and you will find groceries growing like crazy.

Here’s what is planted in some of our beds.

Raised Beds:

Bed 2-Sungold, Purple Cherokee, Sugary Hybrid, Celebrity, Marianna’s Peace Tomatoes and Carmen Sweet Peppers

Bed 3-Red and Green Lettuces and Onions

Bed 8-Potatoes and Clemson Spineless Okra

Bed-9 Artichokes, Gourmet Blend Beets, and  Sugar Snap Peas

Other Beds-variety of vegetables planted by and grown for our visiting school kids

In Ground Veggie Bed-Celebrity Tomatoes, Giant Jalapeño, Habanero Pepper, Ichiban Eggplant, and Black Beauty

May I recommend the Sugar Snap Peas for munching straight off the vine!

Sugar Snap Peas at The Raincatcher's Garden

Sugar Snap Peas at The Raincatcher’s Garden

Aphids and Ladybugs are also eating their way through our garden. Ladybugs  seem to be winning as explained in this video:

Ann

Video by Starla

Artichokes by Dorothy

Oh, and if you have an answer to Dorothy’s question about stink bugs, please leave your answer in the comments section below.

Tomatoes and North Texas

In selecting varieties of tomatoes for North Texas, the most important criterion to consider is the one in the trade called, “Early Season”. The less time required for maturation the better, because the extreme heat of our summers for tomatoes is like falling off a cliff.

Tomato varieties can also be described as being either determinate or indeterminate. Determinate varieties have the characteristic of reaching a point during their maturation at which most of the bearing of fruit occurs within a short time.  Indeterminate is just the opposite, where bearing occurs on a more gradual and sustained basis.

Indeterminate varieties that perform best here are mostly the smaller sized varieties. These can bear fairly prolifically even in mid-summer.  My own personal preference is for this class of tomatoes.  They are just the right size for popping into the mouth.  A usual day in my life finds me eating them every morning and about half the time that evening.

Tomato" Yellow Pear" an indeterminate variety

Tomato” Yellow Pear” an indeterminate variety

Larger sized tomatoes that perform best are the mid-sized varieties. The most popular 8- 12 oz. tomato for many years has been the determinant variety, Celebrity.  Its sister, Carnival is good also.  A typical year will find this variety bearing typically most heavily from early June to early July.

The largest fruited varieties require too long to mature, where anything past 65 days is marginal. The large fruited varieties also are susceptible to splitting and sun scald.  These do not appreciably affect the taste but certainly do affect the esthetic qualities of the fruit.

Celebrity Tomato Ripening on the Vine

Celebrity Tomato Ripening on the Vine

Perusing the catalog, “Tomato Growers Supply Company”, there are listed 16 varieties of Early Season varieties, many from which to choose.

Over the years, varieties come and go. Some are described as being highly heat resistant, but I would be wary of accepting that description as being accurate.  I would recommend acquiring a tomato catalog along with using my advice in choosing your selection(s).  Celebrity remains the preeminent mid-sized tomato.

Tom Wilten

Pictures by Starla

 

 

 

Perfectly Planted Potatoes Premiers

     Just in time for the Oscars:  Potatoes take center stage on the red carpet in this exclusive short video.  It features our own Jim Dempsey, nominated for Best Instructor, and Starla Willis, nominated for Best Cinematographer. Good luck to both!

And… if you want more information about growing potatoes, check out “One Potato, Two Potato, Hopefully More” and “Fried Green Potatoes.”

Carolyn

Video by Starla